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In the sixteenth century the N.H. Marin Sanudo said that the Venetian Republic would last forever, forever and ever. His opinion was not isolated, but a widespread belief. Even this shows how our fathers were distant from the common mentality of today. Who would ever say, these days, that a state will last forever? La Serenissima lasted fourteen centuries, but the self-government of the Venetian people since time immemorial. The objective fact is impressive. Even more striking the reason for the sealing of our institutions: the love of country. In this world no longer seems to really believe in the common good. The maximum they seek good people is to live honestly. At the time of St. Mark, however, rulers and lived in the common good and the size of the state. Everyone believed in institutions and there were the same....

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Letter to A Naive Man that describes the event the Destruction of the Venetian government.

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The Slovak National Uprising of 1944 is ignored and/or treated as a nonevent in the Western historiography of World War II. The political climate during World War II and the Cold War that followed obscured and distorted the history and understanding of this revolt. The raising of the Iron Curtain in the 1990s removed the veil of secrecy from much of Eastern Europe’s wartime history, and Western historians are exploring the new resources available, but coverage of Slovakia’s story and uprising remains very limited. This work aims to fill some of the void....

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An anthology of more than 50 articles regarding the politics, economics, geopolitics and history of countries in central and eastern Europe and the Balkans. ...

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The economy, culture, society, politics, and Balkan geopolitics of the Republic of Macedonia and its people.

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LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT: WHAT IS IT AND WHY SHOULD IT CONCERN THE USAF? . . . . . 1 Low-Intensity Conflict Defined . . . . . . . . . . .1 Special Characteristics of Low-Intensity Conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Operational Terms Relating to Low-Intensity Conflict . . . . . . . 8 Future Conflicts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Dealing with Future Conflict. . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2 AIR POWER IN SMALL WARS : THE BRITISH AIR CONTROL EXPERIENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Air Control's Genesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Air Control: From Concept to Doctrine . . . . .22 The Requirements of British Air Control . . . .24 Air Control and Today's US Air Force . . . . . . 25 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 3 THE MOROCCO-POLISARIO WAR: A CASE STUDY OF A MODERN LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Resources and Topography of Western Sahara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Moroccan Claims and Stakes in Western Sahara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

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In this paper, Lt Col Gordy Hendrickson examines the recent history of the relationship and the Russian perspectives on that history and addresses many of the potentially contentious issues still facing NATO and Russia. He then outlines a useful framework for interaction between the two sides—a framework which can form the foundation for concrete actions and programs to continue down the path of mutual cooperation. Colonel Hendrickson concludes by proposing several practical steps the alliance can take to continue to effectively work with Russia and keep the relationship moving forward....

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1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 BACKGROUND—THE LONG ROAD TO ROME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 3 RUSSIAN RESPONSES AND PERSPECTIVES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4 CONTENTIOUS ISSUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 5 AREAS OF COOPERATION. . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 6 RECOMMENDATIONS—THE WAY AHEAD . . . 39 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51...

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The Cometa report is a private initiative, though its style and contents give it an official look, and several members of Cometa have held (and some still hold) important posts in defense, science, and industry. At any rate, one effect of this document has been to renew interest in the official government research on UFOs in France....

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The author addresses four questions: how have these air forces responded to post–Cold War political uncertainties, how have they operated, how have they responded to new air power thinking, and how have they adapted to the challenges of costs and technologies? He convincingly argues that budgetary provision has not been the most important factor in generating effective air power....

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In this study, Lt Col Anthony C. Cain, PhD, analyzes the relationship between Iran’s strategic culture and weapons of mass destruction.

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Masterpiece by Qudrat Ullah Shahab. somewhere you feel its about you. Its Bold & true. Qudrat Ullah Shahab was born in Gilgit, Pakistan in 1917. He was an eminent Urdu writer and civil servant from Pakistan. He is best known for his autobiography Shahabnama. His Writings are Ya Khuda, Nafsanay, Maa Jee, Surkh Fita.Summary:Shahab Nama (Urdu: شہاب نامہ) is the autobiography of Qudrat Ullah Shahab. It was finished in 1986 and published in the same year after his death. The book has sixty chapters and 893 pages (Sang-e-Meel Publications, Lahore, edition 2005). From anecdotes of his childhood to the author's close proximity to all early Pakistan presidents earned Shahab Nama a household name in Pakistan.[1] The first chapter entitled "Iqbal-e-Jurm" (confession) is about the author's motivation for writing an autobiography. The next seven "Jammu main plague" (Plague in Jammu), "Nanda Bus Service", "Chamkor Sahib", "Raj keroo ga khalisa baqi rahey na ko" (No one else but the Khalsa shall reign), "Maharaja Hari Singh kay sath chahay" (Tea with Maharaja Hari Singh), "Chandravati", and "ICS main dakhla" (Entry to ICS)chronicle his early life ...

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The history of Italy, from 1797 through 1866, focusing on Venesia (Venice). The Republic of Venice, had been an independent state for more than a millennium. The Republic wasn't restored at the Congress of Vienna after the Napoleonic Wars and was annexed by the Austrian Empire, until it was ceded to the Kingdom of Italy in 1866, as a result of the Third Italian War of Independence....

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The decline of the Soviet Union upset the world’s balance of power and opened the door to third world proliferation since the superpowers no longer have tight control over their client-states. This increase in proliferation raised the issue of how the United States (US) should respond to a third world nation that is acquiring nuclear weapons. Should the United States depend on preventive attacks to stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons? Preventive attacks are politically untenable and are not militarily possible. Without perfect political conditions, it is unacceptable for the only remaining superpower to attack a second-rate power. It is militarily impossible for the United States to guarantee the removal of all nuclear weapons in a single preventive attack. This study concludes that the United States should not depend on preventive attacks to stop proliferation of nuclear weapons....

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1 INTRODUCTION . . . . 1 Notes . . . . 2 2 PREVENTIVE ATTACK . . . . . 3 Notes . . . . 5 3 PAST CASES OF PREVENTIVE WAR . . . . . 7 Notes . . . .14 4 NORTH KOREA: A REPRESENTATIVE THREAT . . . . . 17 Notes . . . .25 5 POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . .27...

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A book on the contrasts between the eastern Asian culture versus the western culture on topics such as education, medicine, science, and politics.

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Is oriental culture a kind of science? There lies a crucial difference in that Western science seeks the exterior solutions outside the heart. However, our ancient sages illustrated that humans are an integral part of the universe, and all the phenomena never skip out of the heart. And very fortunately, many wise men did succeed in cultivating their hearts to testify to the profound truth. So our Eastern classics focus on our inner cultivation. However people, including the overwhelming majority of the Chinese, would regard such education as being an extra (to life or science). Please contact the corresponding Taiwan or Singapore websites, where there are plenty of English versions of texts and videos of Buddhism, to request the standard translation. “What is Dao (Tao)? It is the natural principle all over the universe, the natural order, the essentiality of nature. The great universe has its order and rule, where the education of ancient sages roots. Education stems from here, and a human being has to obey the natural principle –Dao. In our Chinese notion of the integral of humans and nature; heaven, earth and human are...

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On the Cultural Contrast: East-West, preface by F. Liu .……………………………….4 Abstract by the Translator to the Chinese Translation of Neutrosophics………………12 Preface by the Translator to the Chinese Translation of Neutrosophics………………13 Biography of the Translator…………………………………………………………….18 Publication Review by F. Liu…………………………………………………………22 Annotation in the Chinese Translation of Neutrosophics………………………………27 Neutrosophic Dialogues………………………………………………………………51 Absolute Truth……………………………………………………………………………68 Science, Destiny, and Buddhism……………………………………………………….…79 Call for Papers…………………………………………………………………………….94 Neutrosophy and Dialectic, postface by Anthony Mansueto.…………………………….95...

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The analysts were charged with the task of anticipating which specific contentious issues likely will propel large, organized political units to choose violent means of acquiring their sociopolitical objectives rather than attaining them peacefully. The units on which we focus have been traditionally identified as states, but we recognize that a host of new sub- and suprastate actors also will play major roles in such wars; hence, we also will allude to them....

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DISCLAIMER...............................................ii PREFACE....................................................vi HISTORY, CULTURE, AND CHANGE: FOUNDATIONS OF CONFLICTS AND WARS......1 RELIGION-A BANNER FOR TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY CONFLICT............................19 NATIONAL FRAGMENTATION, ETHNICITY, AND THE NEW WORLD ORDER............................32 POPULATION PRESSURES, MIGRATION, AND REFUGEES...................................46 TRANSNATIONAL CRIME ITS EFFECT AND IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL STABILITY..............................................58 HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN CONCERNS............................................70 ANTICIPATING THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY ECONOMIC SOURCES OF CONFLICTS..........82 THE THIRD WORLD’S NONVIABLE STATES A MAJOR SOURCE OF CONFLICT IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY...........................96 Table 2..................................................101 WHEN THE WATER RUNS OUT......................................................111 TRANSNATIONAL AIR, WATER, AND LAND DEGRADATION PROBLEMS.............................................124 NUCLEAR CONFLICT AND NONPROLIFERATIO...