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...The study of bialgebraic structures started very recently. Till date there are no books solely dealing with bistructures. The study of bigroups was carried out in 1994-1996. Further research on bigroups and fuzzy bigroups was published in 1998. In th...

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...W.B.VASANTHA KANDASAMY BIALGEBRAIC STRUCTURES AND SMARANDACHE BIALGEBRAIC STRUCTURES ... ...bisemigroups bistructures S-bistructures 5 4 2 3 0 1 1 Bialgebraic Structures and Smarandache Bialgebraic Structures W. B. Vasantha Kand... ... Reference 253 Index 261 5 Preface The study of bialgebraic structures started very recently. Till date there are no books solely deal... ...emilattices was studied. It is said by Zoltan Esik that these bialgebraic structures like bigroupoids, bisemigroups, binear rings help in the constr... ...e automaton and semi automaton. The notion of non-associative bialgebraic structures was first introduced in the year 2002. The concept of bialgebra...

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...uncanny as it sounds, this notion hides in its wings the very prospect of freedom, for every person, for every nation, and for the entire world. The structure and the perception of reality are the surface of this book. But the story of humanity, or more accurately, of the human soul, is the undercurrent that drives the reader forward in this book. It is about you, about m...

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...l Evolution ............................................... 70 Part Three: The Structure of the Upper Worlds .................................140 Part... ...npin is called Hotem (nose), and Malchut (kingship) is called Peh (mouth). The structure of all souls is identical: the first part of the soul enjoys... ... RO M A B OV E T O B E L OW T he study of the Kabbalah focuses on studying the structure of the worlds as they evolve from Above down to our world. O... ...N S W E R S Q: Can we influence the events of our lives? A: We learn about the structure and the function of every system precisely so we can underst... ...3 me” is the opposite of the spiritual form. If we organize even a very small community that lives according to laws of the world of Atzilut, then al... ...ry one of us nothing but the greatest possible pleasure. 140 Part Three: The Structure of the Upper Worlds C H A P T E R 3 .1 A LT RU I S M A ll h...

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...ubloops 67 3.6 Smarandache identities in loops 71 3.7 Some special structures in S-loops 74 3.8 Smarandache mixed direct product loops ... ... the form S n , D 2n etc. which makes the study of these non- associative structures much more complicated. To overcome this problem in 1994 the aut... ...ination of the Smarandache loops based on a paper about Special Algebraic Structures by Florentin Smarandache. As a result, this book doesn't give a... ... classes of loops which satisfy the Smarandache notions. This book is structured into five chapters. Chapter one which is introductory in nature ... ... by Smarandache mixed direct product gives more concrete and non-abstract structure of Smarandache loops in general and loops in particular. The fin... ... / algebraists and above all to those mathematicians who form the growing community of researching the Smarandache notions. Since already several re...

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......................................................................... 11 THE STRUCTURE OF THE BOOK .................................................... ...l is perfectly integrated in the whole body. It is customary to research cell structure itself and its differ- ent functions, and ask about the purpo... ...ct extension of Rabash’s way and the realization of his vision.” 15 THE STRUCTURE OF THE BOOK This book is based on essays and lectures given... ...eignty, and knowledge, prompted the evolution of human society and its social structures: education, cul- ture, science, and technology. Humanity mar... ...itself in order to exist. Its only wish is to preserve its present shape, its structure, and its qualities. Additionally, it rejects anything alien.... ...h was better suited to the environmental conditions. A bacteria is actually a community of bacteria that functions as a single organism. By these ve...

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...gh time to father and carry on its species, you will find in it a complex structure of millions of fibers and tendons, as physiologists and anatomis... ... matters, which are necessarily the very foundation upon which the whole structure of religion is based. Therefore, tell me how it is possible that ... ...Sulam writes, “After the good mixed with the bad (after the sin), a great structure of Klipot was established, with the power to cling to Kedusha (H... ...eparate society for themselves, to be their framework, meaning a separate community that does not mingle with other people whose views differ from t... ...tary of the MALBIM there. The word, “soul” (Neshama), has the same syntax structure as the words, “missing” (Nifkad), “accused” (Ne’esham), and “acc... ...is is so because of the perfection of man’s ego, which attracts shapes of structures and concepts that it dresses in and sustains itself through the...

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... mishniot), and its language is better organized. Abraham writes about the structure of the spiritual world, about the ten sefirot (properties of the ... ...n calculated. Recently, a fantastic work of calculation analyzed the inner structure of the letters and parts of letters. But those calculations give ... ...s to lead it, we must first study it. For that we need to know the general structure of the universe and its system of management, so that we may know... ...l soul, thus building a collective spiritual vessel in which they felt the structure of the upper world, the highest root of our existence. When the b... ...as very knowledgeable in Torah and Talmud, Baruch Ashlag never served as a community rabbi. Instead, he spent his entire life following in the footste...

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........... 74 7. Our Perceptions ......................................... 78 8. Structure of Spirituality ................................. 81 False Pl... ...scommunicatewithHim.Inalanguage we can understand, Kabbalists explain that the structure and functionofreasoninthespiritual,heavenlyworldsarebased on ... ...al ones. Nothing thatwehavecreatedremainsforever;allistransient.Only spiritual structures such as altruistic thoughts, acts, and feelings are eternal.... ...he Creator in our thoughts, desires and efforts, we are, in fact, building the structure of our own eternity. However, dedicating ourselves to the Cre... ...tor again shines upon us a tiny ray of Light. -80- ATTAININGTHEWORLDSBEYOND 8 StructureofSpirituality A person’s desires are called "vessels," and th... ...nt,thepersonatthislevelhasno individual, separate life, but lives as part of a community, residing among numerous others who are similar in nature. Am... ...toaltertheexternal clothingofpleasurebecauseofourincreasingageorbecause of our community. There is no word in our vocabulary to definepleasure.Instead... ...hatthiswashowwe were brought up; it is the accepted way of life for us and our community. With upbringing as our base, habit has become second nature,...

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...s have been, filled with drawings. Drawings help describe spiritual states or structures. From the very be- ginning, Kabbalists have been using drawi... ...ur phases, the last of which is called “a creature” (Figure 1). This template structure of evolution of desires is the basis for everything that exi... ...������ Figure 4: Left hand side of the drawing focuses on Mal - chut’ s inner structure, show- ing that it’s the source of all the spiritual worlds ... ... and those soft spots make us feel as de- fenseless as kids. This multilayered structure is what enables us to eventually become parents. In the proc... ...me way. All of Malchut’s previous phases exist within it and help sustain its structure. To become as similar to the Creator as possible, Mal- chut a...

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...that occurred in the physical world. Part Two will explore the origin and structure of reality. Part Three will examine our inner reality, and Part ... ...d in four phases, the last of which is called “a creature.” This template structure of evolution of desires is the basis for everything that exists.... ...bbalah for b eg Inners - p art t wo Nevertheless, this multi-layered structure is what en- - ables us to eventually become parents. In the proce... ...y. All of Malchut’s previous phases exist within it and help sustain its structure. To become as similar to the Creator as possible, Malb b chut ana... ...of the spiritual worlds. This is why Kabbalists did not mention it in the structure they depicted in their books. J 66 K abbalah for b eg Inner...

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... sixth sense, and that is the reason Kabbalists transmit their knowledge of the structure of the upper, spiritual world. [See the chapter on “Sensin... ..., Rabbi Baruch Shalom Ashlag, “the Rabash,” became his successor. His books are structured according to his father’s instructions. They gracefully e... ...The Freedom of Choice 7. The First Restriction 8. Roots of Creation 9. The Structure of Spiritual Configuration: Partzuf 10. Satisfying the De... ...ed to develop a perception of the upper worlds and described the mechanisms and structures of those worlds in their writings. Methods of establishin... ...its journey through our world this soul was able to provide explanations on the structure of the spiritual worlds beginning with the highest degrees...

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...of it speaks of our world. It does, however, make use of words to explain the structure of the spiritual world and how it dominates us. Because the... ...d by which the lower object is manipulated. Therefore, in order to explain the structure of the Upper World, Kabbalists have chosen to name the Upper... ...he study of Kabbalah? A: There is no difference. The Torah speaks only of the structure of the Upper World, and says nothing of what happens in our ... ...World, and says nothing of what happens in our world. It only talks about the structure of the Upper World, but it does it in the language of our wo... ...ptions and inventions of mankind; spirituality is also disconnected from our structure, our nature and our senses. Q: Why can’t I study Kabbalah dir...

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...edly characterized as interesting mathematics, has the capacity of being utilized to analyse, study and introduce, naturally, the concepts of several structures by means of extension or identification as a substructure. Several researchers around the world working on Smarandache notions have systematically carried out this study. This is the first book on the Smarandache a...

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...tilized to analyse, study and introduce, naturally, the concepts of several structures by means of extension or identification as a substructure. Se... ...carried out this study. This is the first book on the Smarandache algebraic structures that have two binary operations. Semirings are algebraic st... ...inary operations enjoying several properties and it is the most generalized structure — for all rings and fields are semirings. The study of this co... ...w, when we study the Smarandache semirings (S-semiring), we make the richer structure of semifield to be contained in an S-semiring; and this S-semir... ...irst level. To have the second level of S-semirings, we need a still richer structure, viz. field to be a subset in a S-semiring. This is achieved by...

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...The study of Smarandache Algebraic Structure was initiated in the year 1998 by Raul Padilla following a paper written by Florentin Smarandache called “Special Algebraic Structures”. In his research, Padilla treated the Smarandache algebraic structures mainly w...

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... 5 The study of Smarandache Algebraic Structure was initiated in the year 1998 by Raul Padilla following a p... ... following a paper written by Florentin Smarandache called “Special Algebraic Structures”. In his research, Padilla treated the Smarandache algebraic... ... one gets a coherent account of the basic and main results in these algebraic structures. This book aims to give a systematic development of the bas... ... aims to give a systematic development of the basic non-associative algebraic structures viz. Smarandache groupoids. Smarandache groupoids exhibits ... ...and a groupoid. Such a combined study of an associative and a non associative structure has not been so far carried out. Except for the introduction...

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... binary operations on it. But on the contrary when we want to define or study or even introduce a non-associative ring we need two separate algebraic structures say a commutative ring with 1 (or a field) together with a loop or a groupoid or a vector space or a linear algebra. The two non-associative well-known algebras viz. Lie algebras and Jordan algebras are mainly buil...

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... 1.2 Smarandache vector spaces 8 1.3 Basic definitions of other algebraic structures 11 2. LOOP-RINGS AND SMARANDACHE LOOP-RINGS 2.1 Introdu... ...y or even introduce a non-associative ring we need two separate algebraic structures say a commutative ring with 1 (or a field) together with a loop ... ... 2 , a ∈ K and α, β ∈ V. Thus we see a vector space unlike the abstract structures rings or fields is a composite structure consisting of two alge... ...ures rings or fields is a composite structure consisting of two algebraic structures called fields and vectors, which forms an additive abelian grou... ...ed some of the concepts, which will be very useful in the study of linear structure and Lie algebra. The notions of Smarandache basis and Smarandach...

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...A collection of papers concerning smarandache type functions, numbers, sequences, integer algorithms, paradoxes, experimental geometries, algebraic structures, neutrosophic probability, set, and logic, etc. is published this year....

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...A collection ot papers concerninq Smarandache type functions, numbers, sequences, inteqer alqoritbms, paradoxes, experimental qeometries, alqebraic structures, neutrosophic probability, set, and loqic, etc. is published this year....

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.... This book is intended for contemplation of spiritual terms. To the extent that we are integrated with these terms, we begin to unveil the spiritual structure that surrounds us, almost as if a mist had been lifted....

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...s, we can begin to see with our inner vision the unveiling of the spiri- tual structure that surrounds us, almost as if a mist had been lifted. Again... ...e that readers will understand my dislike for empty philosophy, because whole structures are built, and completely un- substantiated conclusions are ... ...cal and aspire to altruism, we change our desires, thus building the en- tire structure of this first level. The soul then rises and dresses up in S... ...on is found in Kabbalah: for 6,000 years of its existence, the world has been structured as ten Sefirot, where Keter designates the Creator’s influe... ... events in our world testify, yet these souls are the ones that complete the structure. The Upper Light enters the upper souls that have al- ready a...

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...A collection of papers concerning Smarandache type functions, numbers, sequences, integer algorithms, paradoxes, experimental geometries, algebraic structures, neutrosophic probability, set, and logic, etc. is published this year....

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...ts, magic squares, palindromes, functional iterations, semantic paradoxes, Non-Euclidean geometries, manifolds, conjectures, open problems, algebraic structures, neutrosophy, neutrosophic logic/set/probability, hypothesis that there is no speed barrier in the universe} quantum paradoxes, etc. have been selected for this volume. Contributors are from Australia, China, Engla...

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...me cases were nationalized. In many cases, the existing pre-crisis management structure remains in place with only 10% of Executives leaving, after ... ...n need, and the state cannot afford to provide any help, then it is up to the community to provide some form of assistance. This has always been the... ...sures, task demands, and physical danger, subordinates view leader initiating structure more favorably than in calm, secure situations. This breeds ... ...isfaction When situations are not intrinsically satisfying, leader initiating structure may increase performance, but it leads to resentment and dis... ... job or because the situation is very ambiguous and new, they like initiating structure. A Leader becomes a creator, innovator and communicator, whi... ... mortgage. Bills and repairs can be shared between family members, creating a community and a family. Cars could be shared, whilst the new informal e... ... traditional American Corporate Executive? There is no doubt that Management structures and techniques have to change. The once mighty Corporate Ex... ...his is good news for successful, and innovative website owners. As the online community grows, the small chance of a successful website, is the road ... ...s. This cuts back business costs, and more important creates a global virtual community. The Green Revolution, could mean sacrificing or re-evalua...

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...ctions to address these obstacles, thereby bringing real benefits to the business community. The promotion of measures to facilitate trade in order ... ...5% reduction target in 2006. Recognizing the benefits of TFAP I to the business community, APEC’s Second Trade Facilitation Action Plan (TFAP II) ... ... customs procedures that aims to facilitate legitimate trade while protecting the community and government revenue from illicit trade. Harmonization... ... terrorism measures, and maintaining a dialogue on these issues with the business community. The APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) scheme was develop... ...gh dialogue with the APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC) and the wider business community. 27 ... ...elements and formats in accordance with WCO data model. Harmonization of Tariff Structure with the HS Convention Fully implement the HS Convent...

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...acific region. Its goal is to advance the Asia Pacific economic dynamism and sense of community as reflected in Bogor Goals. Economic cooperation... ...to GDP between 2005 and 2009. Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the structure of the Indonesian financial system between 2005 and ... ...3.15). These increases in world commodity prices also began to affect Mexico’s supply structures. Inflation then eased in 2009 and 2010 as the global... ...exican financial system and the elaboration of Mexican fiscal policy. It defines the structure of the financial system and sets overall policy guide... ...k exchange is amended. • Non-ordinary shares. (1) "One share one vote" principle. (2) Structures that allow the control of any issuer by a group of ... ...as published, and became effective on June 28, 2006. L.M.V has introduced a new legal structure with the purpose of encouraging investment and growth... .... Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation 2007, “Sydney Declaration - Strengthening Our Community, Building a Sustainable Future”, 2007 Leader’s Declar...

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...Steps Based on the study and seminar: • We have a changing global supply structure, and new modes of global business – all with new demands on the ... ...s suggested such a platform would be beneficial to the APEC SME logistics community as a whole. The principle behind such a platform advances: 33 ... ...region wide suggestions. We invite comments and suggestions from the APEC community on this report and its recommendations directed to the authors o... ...ters Location? City: ____________________________ 1.2 What is the capital structure of your company? 100% Domestic / Foreign Invested / Joint ...

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...inter- rupt their way of life. He couldn’t see that their days as a happy community were numbered. Hence, Nimrod took to the path of denial, and the... ... one’s townspeople. This put us in balance with the giv- ing force at the community level. Then, we grew even more and needed to bal- ance ourselves ... ... can begin to see, with our inner vision, the unveiling of the spiritual structure that surrounds us, almost as if a mist has been lifted. 118 B a...

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... Paperless and/or Automation of Trade-related Procedures; Harmonization of the Tariff Structure with the Harmonized System (HS) Convention; and ... ... for Customs procedures that aims at facilitating legitimate trade while protecting the community and government revenue from illicit trade. The RKC ... ..., on ecommerce across APEC b) Ensure compatibility among government, business and the community in on-line interactions including providing for a...

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...Near-rings are one of the generalized structures of rings. The study and research on near-rings is very systematic and continuous. Near-ring newsletters containing complete and updated bibliography on the subject are published periodically by a team of mathematic...

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...s, sequences, coprime functions, double factorial function, magic squares, problems, conjectures, equations, partitions, paradoxes, series, algebraic structures, pseodo-smarandache function, erdos-smarandache moments numbers; and in physics: related to smarandache hypothesis that there is no speed barrier in the universe, srm-theory of the possibility of constructing arbit...

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...ls speak is meant for the entire world.) They do not think of one person, community, society, religion, country, or age. They think well of all the ... ...s the matchless Divine Treasure of synthetic embrace for the whole global community. Guru Granth Sahib is a paradise of spiritual harmony. True inte... ...her beehives. Universality of God and monotheism Guru Granth Sahib's total structure is built on the Oneness of God. It starts with Ik Omkaar i.e., o...

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...able and clean energy sectors. Inspired and informed by the cultural and community values of Hawai‘i and its people, the Kü‘oko‘a Plan will free th... ...able and clean energy sectors. Inspired and informed by the cultural and community values of Hawai‘i and its people, the Kü‘oko‘a Plan will free th... ...4 PM 12 APEC 2011 · HAWAII BUSINESS Kosasa Family Fund of the Hawai‘i Community Foundation McInerny Foundation Chun Kerr Dodd Beaman & Wong LLLP ... ...ce for emerging technology and international business and investment. Our community feels privileged to have been selected to host APEC 2011, and we ... ... of life. The Aloha Spirit is a tradition of graciousness that binds our community together, unites immigrants, visitors, and locals and promotes t... ...says, is to fnd a reputable developer who’s putting together a big, well-structured, well-fnanced project using proven equipment backed by a fnanc... ... dominate all marine ecosystems. Microbes are extraordinarily diverse in structure, genome composition and physiology, and they are important to l... ...osite silicon carbide (CVC SiC) – is engineered with a stress-free grain structure. “In commercial optics, the main application is replication opt...

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... Contents 1 The Meaning of My Life 2 View on Evolution from the Perspective of Kabbalah 3 Reincarnation 4 Kabbalah is a Science 5 About the Structure of Creation 6 About the World 7 The Purpose of Reincarnation According to the Zohar 8 The Language of the Spiritual World 9 To Feel Another World 10 The Language of the Kabbalists 11 Four Degrees in the ...

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...tive of Kabbalah 3. Reincarnation 4. Kabbalah is a Science 5. About the Structure of Creation 6. About the World 7. The Purpose of Reincarnation ... ...erspective of Kabbalah 3 Reincarnation 4 Kabbalah is a Science 5 About the Structure of Creation 6 About the World 7 The Purpose of Reincarnation Ac... ...rspective of Kabbalah 3 Reincarnation 4 Kabbalah is a Science 5 About the Structure of Creation 6 About the World 7 The Purpose of Reincarnation Ac... ...erspective of Kabbalah 3 Reincarnation 4 Kabbalah is a Science 5 About the Structure of Creation 6 About the World 7 The Purpose of Reincarnation Ac... ...nment will only be when the whole of mankind finds the laws of the actual structure of the world, their origin, at which time, torment and pain will...

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...e cover is a simple graphic illustration depicting the classical algebraic structures with single binary operations and their Smarandache analogues. ... ...ed of concentric circles, depicts the traditional conception of algebraic structures, and the pictures of the right, with their liberal intersection... ...e right, with their liberal intersections, describe Smarandache algebraic structures. In fact, Smarandache Algebra, like its predecessor, Fuzzy Alge... ...lgebra, like its predecessor, Fuzzy Algebra, arose from the need to define structures which were more compatible with the real world where the grey a... ... 6.4 Problems 398 7. APPLICATIONS OF SMARANDACHE FUZZY ALGEBRAIC STRUCTURES 7.1 Applications of Smarandache algebraic structures 401 7.2...

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...243 Smarandache concepts. As it is well known, studying any complete structure is an exercise in unwieldiness. On the other hand, studying the ... ... Chapter one is introductory in nature and introduces the basic algebraic structures. In chapter two some basic results and properties about rings a... ... Minh Perez. His making my books on Smarandache notions into an algebraic structure series, provided me the necessary enthusiasm and vigour to work ... ...omparison of these two concepts, but to make them build more Smarandache structures. DEFINITION 1.1.1: A set G that is closed under a given oper... ... finite zeros. Finite zeros are zeros which occur in finitely constructed structure. 0 ∈ Z ⊂ Q ⊂ R is not a finite zero. For more about these please...

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...lance ..................................................................84 The Structure of Reality ..................................................... ...of the participants, Dr. Laitman gave an overview of Kabbalah, explaining the structure of reality and how the substance of Cre- ation—the desire to ... ...ous incorporation of each cell in the body. The research centered around cell structures and their various functions in the body, but I could not fi... ...xception, is a result of our ever- growing will to receive. Once the spiritual structure just described materializes, the matter that forms our world... ...eality, it will compel every- thing to change, as we are all parts of a single structure. As we have said above, the Kli (vessel/creature) that the Cr...

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... Interview With The Future The sin of Creation and the Correction The structure of creation is a lot simpler than we think: everything happens w... ...,” although we now see how compulsory it was. The Laws of Correction The structure of creation has 613 laws. Each law is a system of correction of ... ...o develop in a way that is suitable for him alone, according to his inner structure, and the root of his soul. It is much like the way a person choo... ...will know how to act correctly by a practical and systematic study of the structure of the upper worlds. We will learn to avoid a negative reaction ... ...d there will not be another exile, because it is determined by the inner structure of the soul. Instead, there will be only growing torments here, ...

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... name 4. Find the assessed value 5. Find the size of the parcel and what if any structures or improvements are on it 6. Sometimes it will also ena... ...buildings which are connected, or equipment which is solidly incorporated into a structure such as bolted to the floor or wired to the ceiling (and ... ... or wired to the ceiling (and not capable of being removed without damage to the structure). If an item is so attached it probably has become a part... ...ns are met (as agreed) by one or both parties to the transaction. Condominium A structure of two or more units, the interior space of which are ind... ...m the proceeds of the sale. Life estate A right to use and to enjoy land and/or structures on land only for the life of the life tenant. The estate...