...rs. In Chapter I, we give a brief description of the sixteen sutras invented by the Swamiji. Chapter II gives the text of select articles about Vedic Mathematics that appeared in the media. Chapter III recalls some basic notions of some Fuzzy and Neutrosophic models used in this book. This chapter also introduces a fuzzy model to study the problem when we have to handle th...

...terpreted in this manner even by a stalwart in Sanskrit except the Jagadguru Puri Sankaracharya. We wind up the material from the book of Vedic Mathematics and proceed on to give the opinion/views of great personalities on Vedic Mathematics given by Jagadguru. Since the notion of integral and differential calculus was not in vogue in Vedic times, here we do not d...

...Preface 5 Chapter One INTRODUCTION TO VEDIC MATHEMATICS 9 Chapter Two ANALYSIS OF VEDIC MATHEMATICS BY MATHEMATICIANS AND OTHERS 31 2.1 Views of Prof. S.G.Dani about Vedic Mathematics from Frontline 33 2.2 Neither Vedic Nor Mathematics 50 2.3 Views about the Bo...

...arrant neither to a claim of comprehensiveness nor of context. It represents the beginning of an odyssey toward realization of the classical ideal in mathematics education at the doctoral level....

...This book presents the fundamental scientific developments in mathematics, physics and astronomy from the Classic Greek Era to the present time. It discusses and illustrates the 2,000-year history in the development of the great ideas, concepts and laws that revolutionized our scient...

...TABLE OF CONTENTS THE STORY OF THE ATOM MATHEMATICS, ASTRONOMY AND PHYSICS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 THE FOUR FUNDAMENTAL COMPONENTS OF OUR UNIVERSE 9 OUR MIND AND ITS ADVENTURE INTO THE WORLD OF KNOWLEDGE 12 MATTER - ENERGY - SPACE - TIME 14 WHAT IS MATTER ? 1...

...Aim of this book is to present basic mathematics that is needed by computer scientists The reader is not expected to be a mathematician and we hope you will find what follows to be useful....

...eading some articles and problems published in the Journal of Recreational Mathematics. From then on I discovered the interesting American Research P... ...tions at: the Arizona State University (Tempe, USA), Archives of American Mathematics (University of Texas at Austin, USA), University of Craiova Lib... ... fascinating and is halfway between the number theory and the recreational mathematics. Even though sometime this universe has a very simple structur... ...rhus Univ. Press, 1996 [3] E. Weisstein, CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Mathematics, CRC Press, 1999 [4] F. Smarandache, "Only Problems, not Soluti... ...e Notions Journal, Nov. 1999 [5] E. Weisstein, CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Mathematics, CRC Press, 1999 [6] N. Sloane, Encyclopedia of Integer sequenc... ...e sequence of natural numbers, uncovering startling and mystifying truths. Mathematics, itself, began with the natural numbers and the study of their ... ...ced us to use the natural numbers to construct the great edifice of modern mathematics. Mathematicians, in their search for these solutions, progresse... ...jority of the mathematicians recognize that the most important problems in mathematics today still involve the natural number sequences. In this chapt... ... numbers 6 10 < References [1] E. Weisstein, CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Mathematics, CRC Press, 1999 [2] J. Castillo, Smarandache continued fractio...

...I have met the Smarandache's world for the first time about one year ago reading some articles and problems published in the Journal of Recreational Mathematics. From then on I discovered the interesting American Research Press web site dedicated to the Smarandache notions and held by Dr. Perez (address: http://www.gallup.unm.edu/~smarandache/), the Smarandache Notions Jo...

...els, our approach is predominantly numerate and substantiated by rigorous mathematics rather than being merely normative or speculative. The... ... While countless research papers have been written and published on the mathematics of option pricing formulation, surprisingly little work has be... .... Numerical Methods and Software. Prentice-Hall Series in Computational Mathematics, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1989. Khoshnevisan, M., S. Bhatt... ...78. Lyuu, Yuh-Dauh. Financial Engineering and Computation – Principles, Mathematics, Algorithms. Cambridge University Press, U.K., 2002. Mark... ...J. The coding of messages subject to chance errors. Illinois Journal of Mathematics 1, 1957: 591-606. Zadeh, L. A. A Theory of Approximate Reaso...

...he. In addition, I have edited two others that also deal with the areas of mathematics under the Smarandache Notions umbrella. All of this is a credit... ...arandache is truly a Renaissance man, having produced quality work in art, mathematics and literature. This is my fifth book where I expand on some o...

... Smarandache Manifolds Howard Iseri Associate Professor of Mathematics Department of Mathematics and Computer Information Sci... ...g is must include an understanding of what it is not. In his paper, “Paradoxist Mathematics” [19], Florentin Smarandache proposed a number of ways i... ...herine D’Ortona. Prof. Marsh was the teacher most responsible for my turning to mathematics, and Prof. Hass, my thesis advisor, introduced me to the... ... me to the real world of geometry and topology. Virtually all of my thinking in mathematics can be traced back in some way to these two 8 mathema... ...l work published n.d.) 10. Eves, H. (1990). An Introduction to the History of Mathematics (6 th ed.). Orlando FL: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. 1... ... 11. Gottlieb, H.G. (1996). All the way with Gauss-Bonnet and the sociology of mathematics. American Mathematical Monthly, 103 (6), 457-469. 12. ... ...ualizations. Berlin: Springer- Verlag. 19. Smarandache, F. (1997). Paradoxist Mathematics, Collected Papers (Vol. II, pp. 5- 28). University of Ki... ...g angles 18 95 About the Author Howard Iseri is an associate professor of mathematics at Mansfield University in Pennsylvania, where he lives ... ...marandache geometry and the geometry and topology of manifolds. He has a PhD in mathematics from the University of California, Davis, where he wrote...

...A complete understanding of what something is must include an understanding of what it is not. In his paper, “Paradoxist Mathematics” [19], Florentin Smarandache proposed a number of ways in which we could explore “new math concepts and theories, especially if they run counter to the classical ones.” In a manner consistent with his unique point...

...ress Rehoboth, NM 2005 Linfan MAO Institute of Systems Science Academy of Mathematics and Systems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080, P.R.Chi... ...lib.umi.com/bod/search/basic Peer Reviewers: F.Tian and X.D.Hu, Academy of Mathematics and Systems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P.R.C... ...ces, Beijing 100080, P.R.China. Y.P.Liu and R.X.Hao, Department of Applied Mathematics, Beijing Jiaotong Uni- versity, Beijing 100044, P.R.China. S.Bh... ... S.Bhattacharya, Alaska Pacific University, AK, USA. H.Iseri, Department of Mathematics and Computer Information Science, Mansfield University, Mansfield... ...n a surface. As a linking of combinatorial configuration with the classical mathematics, it fascinates more and more mathematician’s interesting. Its f... ...inates more and more mathematician’s interesting. Its function and role in mathematics are widely accepted by mathematicians today. On the last centur... ...ed maps with groups and geometry is a glimmer of the map theory with other mathematics. In fact, maps as a kind of the decomposition of surfaces, shou... ...ystem has been established, the contribution of combinatorics to classical mathematics, such as, the Riemann geometry and Smarandache geometries is re... ...ious measures on a map and enlarge its application filed to other branch of mathematics.. Chapter 2 On the Automorphisms of a Klein Surface and a s-Ma...

...A combinatorial map is a connected topological graph cellularly embedded in a surface. As a linking of combinatorial configuration with the classical mathematics, it fascinates more and more mathematician’s interesting. Its function and role in mathematics are widely accepted by mathematicians today. On the last century, many works are concentrated on the combinatorial pro...