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... gravity, quantum theory, Smarandache quantum paradoxes, physical chemistry, particle-fields. 1. Introduction The author's motivating interest t... ...cal behaviors: 1. Invisible Paradox (Sorites Paradox): macroscopic visible particles are formed of invisible atomic and subatomic particles. 2. Un... ... matter, which is under the 'determinist principle', is formed of subatomic particles, which are under Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. 3. Stabil... ...g's uncertainty principle. 3. Stability Paradox: Stable matter is formed of particles that are unstable in distinct form. 4. Lifetime Paradox: Long-... ... that are unstable in distinct form. 4. Lifetime Paradox: Long-lived matter particles are formed of short-lived elementary particles. 5. FTL Hypothe... ...esting the possibility of their presence in its composition. c.) Particle physicists describe the tauon τ, (like the muon), as "electron-like". [6]... ...ions, c) unravellings, are the principle methods used by mathematicians and physicists today. He also describes Hinton's search for evidence of the ... ...ourth-dimensional nucleus, which is 'even smaller than an atom,' and that, "physicists today adopt essentially the same philosophy as Hinton." [26] ... ...by Bohr and Heisenberg, has generally come to prevail among the majority of physicists … The theory is complete: anything it does not tell us may be...

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..."yield" conscious processes. This is the emergent phenomenal (epiphenomenal) "wave- particle" duality. Unconscious brain processes are like a wave f... ...ity. Unconscious brain processes are like a wave function which collapses into the "particle" of consciousness. Another hypothesis, more closely a... ...ong scientists. The Anthropic Principle, for instance, promoted by many outstanding physicists, claims that the nature of the Universe is preordaine... ...is one to rest. There are real world situations that are both true and not-true. A particle can "be" in two places at the same time. This fuzzy log... ...ratic (not to say inferior) mental apparatus. The foundations of our reality at the particle level are such that simultaneity is common (entanglemen... ...ns. Yet, location – like space and time themselves – is a mere convention. At the particle level, knowing one‟s location is a tricky business as i...

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...en. T H E PAT H O F K A B B A L A H 32 That feeble Light is divided into many particles. It turns the atoms, moves the molecules, creates every subs... ...T H E PAT H O F K A B B A L A H 68 2. He divided the creature into many little particles and placed them in the bodies of our world. Q: Why are we to... ...tzuf, or world, any part of Partzuf Malchut de Ein Sof, and even the smallest particles of reality, consist of five parts of the Sof, and even the sm... ... particles of reality, consist of five parts of the Sof, and even the smallest particles of reality, consist of five parts of the Sof will to receive,... ...n Sefirot indefinitely? A: Each part in the spiritual world, even the smallest particle, can be isolated and divided once more to ten inner parts. It... ...it is, without depending on time, which controls our lives (the dream of many physicists), then we must come to be like that Upper Reality by oursel... ....” Thus, the “Big Bang” theory was known to Kabbalists long before the astro- physicists learned about it. Q: Will science understand the sixth sense...

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... can be compared, historically speaking, to the current efforts of nuclear physicists to unite the four fundamental forces found in nature: the weak ... ...valent in the transmutation of matter into energy and vice-versa. Nuclear physicists concentrate high levels of energy and then they bombard atomic ... ...at which pertains to the outside world. 5. Is the universe contracting? Physicists ask themselves if this universe that is today expanding will co... ...pertains to the outside world. 5. Is the universe contracting? 101 Physicists ask themselves if this universe that is today expanding will co... ...us and Anaximander, there are infinite universes, not just one. Our modern physicists are coming to the same conclusion. We do not know what charac... ...and reproduce. Hawking says that light cannot get out of black holes, but particles and radiation that are produced by their specific energy field ... ...ained within the limits of this universe. Stephen Hawking discovered that particles and radiation can emerge from a black hole. These particles and...

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...ur world (below). Below the barrier, the spiritual force created a corpore- al particle, which began to evolve. This was the Big Bang. Keep in mind th... ... and what we cannot sense, we cannot imagine, either. … Actually, if you ask physicists, they’ll tell you that the only true statement you can make...

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... to the whole of reality, applies to each world, and even in the smallest particles that can be found in that world. Thus, as there are five worlds ... ...spirituality like the still category in corporeality (see Item 35), whose particles have no individual motion, but only collective motion, common to... ...ansformation of the form, losing nothing of its essence along its way, as physicists have shown. And now we come to clarify the phrase: “All is in de... ...of them, how they differentiate from one another, even in the smallest of particles, it amounts to no more than a “desire to receive.” This is its e... ...which there is a surplus of that force are not related in any way to that particle or that group of particles, with respect to itself, but only with...

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...ay be found a bit too theoretical, our view is that once these phenomena can be put into rigorous theoretical framework, thereafter more 'openminded' physicists may be more ready to consider these New Energy methods more seriously. Our basic proposition in the present book is that considering these new theoretical insights, one can expect there are new methods to generate ...

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...cept – M. Pitkanen 44 3. Prediction and calculation of New Energy development – Fu Yuhua 111 4. Some unsolved problems in the physics of elementary particle – V. Christianto & F. Smarandache (PiP, vol. 3 no. 4, 2007) 127 5. About some unsolved problems in physics – M. Pitkanen 132 Beyond Standard Model, Unmatter and Yang-Mills Field 6. Bifurcations and pattern formati...

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...idicule and now is in the phase of active discussion in scientific communities across the world. This article can be considered as an answer to the physicists who criticize the Armenian Theory of Relativity by saying that the Armenian relativistic transformations and formulas are not an invariant under time-reversal transformation and therefore Armenian Theory of Relativ...

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...o be at r 0 =0. The point-mass can be located at any point r 0 ∈ . A test particle can be located at any point r∈ . The point-mass and the test part... ... between these 2-spheres enters into consideration. Therefore, if two test particles are located, one at any point on the 2-sphere r 0 =0 and one at ... ... of the relevant radiiR c andR p on (6). Consider (7) and introduce a test particle at each of the pointsr 0 andr. Let the particle located atr 0 acqu... ...ational feld (M g ,g g ) the distance between the point- mass and the test particle, and the radius of curvature of a great circle, centred atr 0 and ... ...be obtained rigorously from the geometry of equation (17), and that a test particle is located at somer =r 0 in parameter space, wherer, r 0 ∈ . The ... ...have not yet been discover- ed has attracted the attention of experimental physicists over the last decade. Initial interest in gravitational waves ar... ...e not been discovered in ex- periments. Nonetheless it is accepted by most physicists that the discovery of gravitational waves should be one of the m... ...f the 1st or 2nd kind) underlie the detection attempts of the experimental physicists. Because such gravitational waves are expected to be weak, one u... ...und attempts to isolate the bulk pigs from external affects — experimental physicists place them in mines in the depths of mountains and cool them to ...

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...ws of gravity, the structure of space- time, the behaviour of the minutest particles of which we can conceive, placing us comfortably at the intell... ...form a link with the views of quantum mechanics, with its associated wave-particle duality. In fact, de Broglie suggested that even macroscopic obj... ... wavelength. Perhaps this is the sum of all the wavelengths of constituent particles, an interesting idea which will be pursued later within these ... ...idea that the elementary building blocks of all matter are actually point particles, which basically have zero size and are capable of probing the ... ...luctuations become so troublesome. String theory replaces these point particles with tiny one-dimensional oscillating loops called “strings”. ... ...y. Further investigation into the nature of strings has revealed what physicists construe to be further dimensions closely associated with the ... ... alternative realities. The background state of consciousness is what physicists call a “steady state”, uniform in space and persistent in time... ...lapsing the quantum wavefunction”, or, couched in more precise terms which physicists would prefer, undergoing “state vector collapse”. Recall ... ...asured by the Conformal Tensor – the Ricci Tensor is zero in empty space. Physicists expect to find that the curvature close to a black hole singul...

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...imited to the speed of light or the speed of the cable. An example is the particles in a particle accelerator where the "motor" - the coils and ele... ...e only a sort of kinematical perspective.> ...Richtmyer & Kennard, Cornell physicists, 1928, 1934, 1942, 1947 15 The diehard believers - ... ...mposition of velocities formula near the speed of light is also provided by particle accelerators which accelerate particles near, but never beyond,... ...ht. Time dilation has been verified by measuring the lifetimes of unstable particles in cosmic ray debris and particle accelerator experiments. Ex... ...raised regarding whether theses effects are real or illusionary. Pushing a particle through an accelerator indeed requires more energy to increase ... ...rvable quantities), this study founds a theoretical possibility to displace particle instantly in the space-time of the General Theory of Relativity... ...n, is right." By that time Poincaré‚ had died. Lorentz was still alive. Physicists F.K. Richtmyer and E.H. Kennard of Cornell had in 1928 suspec...

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...radoxes. . . 7 F. Smarandache A New Form of Matter — Unmatter, Composed of Particles and Anti-Particles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...V. Udaltsova Experiments with Rotating Collimators Cutting out Pencil of α-Particles at Radioactive Decay of 239 Pu Evidence Sharp Anisotropy of Space... ...Smarandache There Is No Speed Barrier for a Wave Phase Nor for Entang- led Particles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ...d on the prin- ciple that geodesic lines of two infnitesimally close test- particles will deviate in a feld of waves of the metric. A system of two re... ...ticles will deviate in a feld of waves of the metric. A system of two real particles connected by a spring (a quadru- pole mass-detector) should react... ...]. We would like to make those techniques accessible to a wide audience of physicists who are not so familiar with the rigorous underlying mathematics... ...s simple line of thought as possible, a praxis that is normally pursued by physicists. For instance, physicists in their works on general relativity e...

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...e Dynamic Equipotential Model." Top - The pattern of isochrons from a particle moving at the velocity of light; the barrier is evident; Cent... ...e velocity of light; the barrier is evident; Center - The pattern as a particle accelerates through the velocity of light; note that there is no ... ...longer a barrier in evidence; Bottom - The pattern corresponding to a particle moving at twice the velocity of light; the Cerenkov shockwavefro... ... the loci of gravitational or electrical quanta that are emitted from the particle at the same time. Successive isochrons correspond to discrete, s... ...formation expanding at the speed of light with center at the position the particle had at the time of emission in the observer system in accordance ... ... and because light appears to have the same speed in all inertial frames, physicists take the "maximum speed" to be the speed of light. (Ca.1972) ... ...ecial relativity, in the words of two mid 20th-century Cornell University physicists, F. K. Richtmyer and E. H. Kennard, are only "a sort of kinemat... ...ation is reported to have taken place in the summer of 1950 between famed physicists Enrico Fermi and Edward Teller: Fermi: Edward, what do you ...

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...Abstract Time does not feature in the equations describing the world of elementary particles and in some border astrophysical conditions. There, th... ...Microfiche in UMI and from the Library of Congress), I postulate the existence of a particle (Chronon). Time is the result of the interaction of Chr... ...rred" in such interactions. The Chronon is a time "atom" (actually, an elementary particle, a time "quark"). We can postulate the existence of var... ...erconnected whole, or hologramically, as encompassing the complex (the same way all particles are contained in all other particles). Still, these mo... ...e information, what is its carrier (we will probably have to postulate yet another particle to account for this last one...)? Another, no less cruc... ... in particular, are unprofessionally vague and ambiguous. Professional theoretical physicists ought to be able to do better. Bohm has shown us a wa... ...members the role of the apparatus, ordinary logic is just fine. In other contexts, physicists have been able to take words from ordinary language a... ...articles but only in an environment with a vanishingly weak force of gravity. Some physicists tried to add a "graviton" (gravity force carrying par... ...e. Various methods of doing this still leave us with a lot of supersymmetry. A few physicists believe that supersymmetry is likely to emerge - even...

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...800 pages, depicted with some 300 pictures and illustrations. This history of the atom and chemistry discusses the lives of about 180 chemists and physicists, through the evolution of several stages of development, representing the most important scientific accomplishments. The most significant discoveries in chemistry and physics are presented chronologically to ill...

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...MIC PHYSICS 299 ERNEST RUTHERFORD (1871-1937) British Physicist 300 One of the Founders of Modern Atomic Physics. Discovered the Alpha and Beta Particles. Discovered the Nucleus and the Protons in the Atom. Proposed the First Atomic Model from the Physics point of view. JOSEPH J. THOMSON (1856-1940) English Physicist 300 Discovered the Electron. NIELS H. B...

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...ld not be explained by preceding theories. The most fa- mous of these was wave-particle duality, showing that microscopic objects such as electrons b... ...opic objects such as electrons behave as waves under some conditions, and as particles under others. A fundamental concept of Quantum Theory is the ... ...ia in March, 2005, introducing Kabbalist Rav Michael Laitman, PhD and quantum physicists William Tiller, PhD, Dr. Jeffrey Satinover, and Fred Alan W... ...ere is in fact an element of complete freedom in the physical universe where particles of atoms do not behave mechanically, but “choose” how to beh... ...ll is used. Rav Laitman: It seems that beyond ordinary and accessible nature, particles have some way of “choosing freely,” but how does this affect... ... who or what makes the choice. What we do know is that the behavior of every particle of matter in the universe is twofold: in part, it behaves ac- ... ... much higher level, one that pertains to human con- sciousness? Why is it that physicists, who study lifeless atoms, are the ones that suddenly find ... ...ed as an offshoot of research in physics, chemistry, and biology. Eventually, physicists produced a perception that hu- mans are nothing but machines... ...tion that people have free will. Rav Laitman: What you are saying implies that physicists, too, did not want to cope with a non-mechanical system. Ye...

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... they invariably run into philosophical snags. Modern science uses metaphors (e.g., particles and waves). Metaphors have proven to be useful scienti... ...erconnected whole, or hologramically, as encompassing the complex (the same way all particles are contained in all other particles). Still, these mo... ...clustering of mass or of energy, no time, charge, or parity asymmetry in elementary particles. The notion of continuum was somehow inter-related. A ... ...talk about dimensions which curl upon themselves and, thus become non discernible. Particles, singularities and curled up dimensions are close rela... ...he invention of the quantum theoretical device by Max Planck. The energy levels of particles no longer lay along an unhindered continuum. A particl... ...e.g., a musical piece) in terms of this type of intuition. Many mathematicians and physicists (following a kind of Pythagorean tradition) use emerg... ...ong scientists. The Anthropic Principle, for instance, promoted by many outstanding physicists, claims that the nature of the Universe is preordaine... ...rialism with reductionism or instrumentalism and correlation with causation. Few physicists, neuroscientists, biologists, and chemists seem to ha... ... in particular, are unprofessionally vague and ambiguous. Professional theoretical physicists ought to be able to do better. Bohm has shown us a wa...

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... they invariably run into philosophical snags. Modern science uses metaphors (e.g., particles and waves). Metaphors have proven to be useful scienti... ...erconnected whole, or hologramically, as encompassing the complex (the same way all particles are contained in all other particles). Still, these mo... ...clustering of mass or of energy, no time, charge, or parity asymmetry in elementary particles. The notion of continuum was somehow inter-related. A ... ...talk about dimensions which curl upon themselves and, thus become non discernible. Particles, singularities and curled up dimensions are close rela... ...he invention of the quantum theoretical device by Max Planck. The energy levels of particles no longer lay along an unhindered continuum. A particl... ...e.g., a musical piece) in terms of this type of intuition. Many mathematicians and physicists (following a kind of Pythagorean tradition) use emerg... ...ong scientists. The Anthropic Principle, for instance, promoted by many outstanding physicists, claims that the nature of the Universe is preordaine... ...rialism with reductionism or instrumentalism and correlation with causation. Few physicists, neuroscientists, biologists, and chemists seem to ha... ... in particular, are unprofessionally vague and ambiguous. Professional theoretical physicists ought to be able to do better. Bohm has shown us a wa...

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...ribe, using the attribute “neutrosophic” than “fuzzy” or any others, a quantum particle that neither exists nor non-exists? b) How to describe a ... ...f thought, just think about the true nature of a photon? For experts working in particle physics, photons look like particles, for physicists working ... ...oton? For experts working in particle physics, photons look like particles, for physicists working in electromagnetic field theory, photons are conside... ...tal question have held at the beginning of the 20th century between all eminent physicists at that time. The constraint C2 hides a strong difficulty al... ...h & Brogaard] - we can see either the whole (dynamic wave) or the part (static particle). We can view the move from 'indeterminacy' to 'true/false' ... ...ere are only more complexity and indeterminism in the entrails of the subatomic particles and quarks. There a-is no essence in the universe, because e...

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...d so on, ad infinitum’ What if there was a finite limit to how small energy particles could be…? What if they could not be divided any further in... ...could be…? What if they could not be divided any further into smaller energy particles? If the smallest energy particles were finite in size: A fi... ...litness Chapter One: The Universe 4 means that the smallest finite energy particles would all have to be exactly the same size; simply because t... ...cause they could not be anything smaller. Not only would the smallest energy particles have to be exactly the same size: there could not be any dis... ...ler things that cause these dissimilarities. That is… if the smallest energy particles had a finite limit to how small they could actually be: whic... ...ne: The Universe 112 makes you smarter than all the Cosmologists and Astro-physicists. The mystery of the Big Bang has now been solved. Now you... ...al auras of these King-Gods raged just like the now-visible aura of the Sun? Physicists who study the Sun, do not study paranormal phenomenon like ...

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...which causes behaviour patterns to suddenly emerged in whole populations. Physicists talked about sudden "phase transitions", the emergent results of... ...ir associated energies). The wave function describes the probability of a particle (originally, the electron) to be inside a small volume of space d... ...aying: "we cannot really predict what will exactly happen to every single particle. However, we can foresee (with a great measure of accuracy) what ... ...a great measure of accuracy) what will happen if to a large population of particles (where will they be found, for instance)." This is where the f... ... determine what will happen in a specific experiment involving a specific particle and experimental setting – an observation must be made. This means...

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... they invariably run into philosophical snags. Modern science uses metaphors (e.g., particles and waves). Metaphors have proven to be useful scienti... ...ialism with reductionism or instrumentalism and correlation with causation. Few physicists, neuroscientists, biologists, and chemists seem to ha... ... composition and from the interactions between its constituent atoms and subatomic particles. Still, there is a general agreement that scientific t...

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...he artificial transformation of matter into anti-matter, the dream of the physicists, would remain the exception with an utilitarian significance. ... ...motion, but working out a change of the oscillation phase of all material particles, concurrently accompanied by the latter transformation in anti-m... ...les, concurrently accompanied by the latter transformation in anti-matter particles. The change of the oscillations phase should be the direct resul... ... depending on the level of any temperature, as in the case of substantial particles), governed by the law of haphazard – the perfect stochastics, act...

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...dicates that he did in fact share the ancient Greek view of homogeneity: If two particles are carried at a uniform rate, the ratio of their speed... ...he would not divide distance by time. The only reason his equation deals with two particles is so that he could describe speed without dividing dis... ... seemingly above reproach. It should also be noted that Galileo and Newton were physicists of the first rank, and neither subscribed to the conve...

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...out twice as many mathematicians believed in a god than did biologists or physicists. ―Just any education is not the key to questioning any c... ...on or the knowledge of practical science of a Benjamin Franklin? How many physicists, surgeons or lawyers have read Locke, Montaigne, Aristotle and ... ...ng links between earlier apes and humans? What is the ultimately smallest particle in the universe? How can we find everyone perfect mates—or how d... ...d only hypothesize about atoms, but today we have knowledge of sub-atomic particles, such as photons. ----―But what good is such research ab...

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...cosmological framework and a new cosmic identity, which makes the “flow of particles that we are” (see Olga Karitidi ) a precious part of the single... ...ation. The universe is the result of the pain of a great explosion that physicists call the “Big Bang”, but for physicists, who do not know that ...

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...ny other creature.” “No insects—no birds, no! Not a trace, not a scrap nor particle of animal life. If there was—what would they do in the night? … No... ...eat machine. I walked close beside it, and I can testify it radiated not a particle of heat. It was brightly shin- ing, and yet it was neither warmer ... ...topic of this sponge caught lunar atmosphere. I am told by astronomers and physicists that all he tells is in absolute accordance with what was al- re...

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...no horses or dogs, and so there is not a suspicion of smoke and scarcely a particle of any sort of dirt to render white impossible. The radiated influ... ...trong feeling for all bota- nists, and, indeed, all biologists, as against physicists, and those who profess the exact sciences, all of whom he regard...

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... time to test its success; but in this I want your help. You know we great physicists never make an experiment without an ‘assistant’—a humble individ... ...self up, and at the end of a fortnight she had reduced it to imperceptible particles. On four different occasions, presenting himself at Mrs. Vivian’s... ...eping out of sight. She had a scrap of a mind somewhere, and even a little particle of a heart. If one looked long enough one might catch a glimpse of... ...not of that I wish to talk to you. All the more that it has n’t done you a particle of good. I have been extremely nice with you for a week; but you a...

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...fields assisted in the study. These included math- ematicians, theoretical physicists, experts on the blast ef- fects of bombs, weather consultants, a... ...because their range is not very great, only a few feet. The range of alpha particles from the unused active material and fissionable material of the b...

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...tter as something much more solid and indubitable than mind. Meanwhile the physicists, especially Einstein and other exponents of the theory of rela- ... ...es, the way in which the equilibrium will be upset cannot be deter- mined. Physicists distinguish between macroscopic and mi- croscopic equations: the... ...does not say “A will be followed by B,” but tells us what accelera- tion a particle will have under given circumstances, i.e. it tells us how the part... ... the above remarks for the prevent. 67 The Analysis of Mind not where the particle will be at some future moment. Laws embodied in differential equat...

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...t for them and organise them, to secure the pick of our young chemists and physicists and engineers, and to get them to work systematically upon the a... ...rld sults, would find it hard to say which were the chemists and which the physicists among Professors Dewar and Ramsey Lord Rayleigh and Curie. The c... ...ay the clouds of coal dust, their lungs become black and choked with small particles of anthracite….” In Massachusetts, at Fall River, the Hon. J.F. C...