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Anthology of fascinating historical and scientific facts and links to relevant Web sources.

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... The First Book of Factoids First Published on the Links and Factoids Study List http://groups.yahoo.com/group/linknfacto... ...ist http://groups.yahoo.com/group/linknfactoid Sam Vaknin, Ph.D. Editing and Design: Lidija Rangelovska Lidija Rangelovska A Na... ... All rights reserved. This book, or any part thereof, may not be used or reproduced in any manner without written permission from: Lidija Rangelovs... ...tern Van (the Armenakans, in 1885) and in Russia. Radical nationalist parties were established by Russian-Armenian emigrants in 1887 (Hunchak or He... ...to (428-347 BC). An Egyptian priest was supposed to have described it to the Greek statesman Solon (638-559 BC). The priest insisted that Atlanti... ...herto claimed to have been fighting for independence. When the war was over, he established a private militia, under his commend - the People's ... ...rants flooded the new state. Young men in Canada West left in droves for the United States due to a shortage of agricultural land. The 1849 Gold ... ...e aggression and unbridled avarice-driven or gratuitous violence, especially in the territories known collectively today as the United States. But t... ...n is notorious for its prosecution and bestial torture of the Jews in Spain and its territories. Yet, contrary to common "knowledge", the Inquisiti...

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...hird section of the ?Act further to promote the efficiency of the Navy,? approved 21st of December, 1861, provides: ?That the President of the United States by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall have the authority to detail from the retired list of the navy for the command of squadrons and single ships such officers as he may believe that the good of the ...

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...The Writings of Abraham Lincoln In Seven V olumes V olume 6 of 7 A Penn State Electronic Classics Series Pu... ...syl- vania State University. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, fo... ... charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in any way does so at his or her own risk. Neither the Pennsylvania Sta... ...proved 21st of December, 1861, provides: “That the President of the United States by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall have the aut... ... officers may, if upon the recommendation of the Presi- dent of the United States they shall receive a vote of thanks of Congress for their services a... ..., the enemy can threaten us on the Potomac and elsewhere. Until we have re-established the national authority, all these places must be held, and we m... ... as a favor because they have marched from Cumberland Gap. The pre- cedent established by it would evidently break up the whole army. Buell’s old troo... ...cs have protested against the sending of such colonies to their respective territories. Under these circumstances I have declined to move any such col... ...graph with the line which is being extended across the Russian Empire. The Territories of the United States, with unimportant ex- 177 The Writings of...

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...Excerpt: In the eleven years that separated the Declaration of the Independence of the United States from the completion of that act in the ordination of our written Constitution, the great minds of America were bent upon the study of...

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...Henry Reeve A Penn State Electronic Classics Series Publication Democracy in America, Volumes One and Two by Alexis de Tocqueville, trans. Henry Reev... ... Electronic Classics Series Publication Democracy in America, Volumes One and Two by Alexis de Tocqueville, trans. Henry Reeve is a publication of th... ...nnsylvania State University. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, fo... ...n years that separated the Declaration of the In- dependence of the United States from the completion of that act in the ordination of our written Con... ...fore, practical and thorough. When the Constitution was thus perfected and established, a new form of government was created, but it was neither specu... ...rchs in many contests, in many countries, and were grouped into creeds and established in ordinances sealed with blood, in many great struggles of the... ... of whom were young men, in building upon the Inde- pendence of the United States that wisest and best plan of general government that was ever devise... ...he States of New England. It was generally allowed at that period that the territories of the New World belonged to that European nation which had bee... ...ng that the State of Ohio should claim the same right in behalf of certain territories lying within its boundaries, upon the plea that the Constitutio...

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...e Fifth, attended on by the Duke of Bedford, Regent of France; the Duke of Gloster, Protector; the Duke of Exeter Warwicke, the Bishop of Winchester, and the Duke of Somerset. Bedford. Hung be y heavens with black, yield day to night; Comets importing change of Times and States, Brandish your crystall Tresses in the Skie, And with them scourge the bad revolting Stars, That...

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...otector; the Duke of Exeter War-wicke, 6 the Bishop of Winchester, and 7 the Duke of Somerset. 8 Bedford. 9 Hung be ... ... with black, yield day to night; 10 Comets importing change of Times and States, 11 Brandish your crystall Tresses in the Skie, 12 A... ...h black, yield day to night; 10 Comets importing change of Times and States, 11 Brandish your crystall Tresses in the Skie, 12 And w... ...orting change of Times and States, 11 Brandish your crystall Tresses in the Skie, 12 And with them scourge the bad reuolting Stars, 13 ... ... He ne’re lift vp his Hand, but conquered. 25 Exe. We mourne in black, why mourn we not in blood? 26 Henry is dead, and neuer shal... ...er. 2528 Suf. Yet so my fancy may be satisfied, 2529 And peace established betweene these Realmes. 2530 But there remaines a scruple i... ...ts sound. Enter Reignier. 2590 Reig. Welcome braue Earle into our Territories, 2591 Command in Aniou what your Honor pleases. 2592 ... ... With Letters of Commission from the King. 2737 For know my Lords, the States of Christendome, 2738 Mou’d with remorse of these out- ragious b... ...knowne already that I am possest 2781 With more then halfe the Gallian Territories, 2782 And therein reuerenc’d for their lawfull King. 2783 ...

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...ou not elect him to the Legislature? It seems to me he would be hard to beat. What objection could be made to him? What is your Senator Martin saying and doing? What is Webb about?...

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...The Writings of Abraham Lincoln In Seven V olumes V olume 5 of 7 A Penn State Electronic Classics Series Pu... ...- sylvania State University. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, fo... ... charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in any way does so at his or her own risk. Neither the Pennsylvania Sta... ...dvocates will push it forward till it shall become alike lawful in all the States, old as well as new, North as well as South.” Judge Douglas makes us... ...ngress, and the vexed question would be left entirely to the people of the Territories. Such was the opinion of Judge Douglas, and such were the opini... ...n is settled. He says the bill he introduced into the Senate of the United States on the 4th day of January, 1854, settled the slavery question foreve... ...o- ries from the baneful influence of human bondage, as the North- western Territories were sought to be preserved by the Ordi- nance of 1787, and the... ...at have no connection with the General Government. After Judge Douglas has established this proposition, which nobody disputes or ever has disputed, h... ... regard to the admission of Missouri, by which the Missouri Compromise was established and slavery excluded from a country half as large as the presen...

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...Introduction: Immediately after Lincoln?s re-election to the Presidency, in an off-hand speech, delivered in response to a serenade by some of his admirers on the evening of November 10, 1864, he spoke as follows: ?It has long been a grave question whether any government not too strong for the lib...

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...The Writings of Abraham Lincoln In Seven V olumes V olume 1 of 7 A Penn State Electronic Classics Series Pu... ...syl- vania State University. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, fo... ... charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in any way does so at his or her own risk. Neither the Pennsylvania Sta... ... yet it is in a peculiar degree both illustrative and typical of the great statesman who made it, alike in its strong com- 4 The Writings of Abraham ... ...He says: “….the moral qualities that are required in the higher spheres of statesmanship [are not] those of a hero or a saint. Passionate earnestness ... ... votes for the famous Wilmot Proviso, intended to exclude slavery from the Territories acquired from Mexico. But when, at the expiration of his term, ... ...-Nebraska Bill in 1854. The repeal of the Missouri Compromise, opening the Territories of the United States, the heritage of coming generations, to th... ...dly dis- avowed any wish on his part to have social and political equality established between whites and blacks. On this point he summed up his views... ...n which he was, if rightly controlled. He ig- nored the insult, but firmly established his superiority. In his reply, which he forthwith despatched, h...

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...Excerpt: The ?Body Of The Nation? But the basin of the Mississippi is the body of the nation. All the other parts are but members, important in themselves, yet more important in their relations to this. Exclusive of the Lake basin and of 300,000 square miles in Texas and New Mexico, which in many aspects form a part of it, this basin contains about 1,250,000 squar...

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...Pennsylvania State University. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file,... ...y charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in any way does so at his or her own risk. Nei ther the Pennsylvani... ...arge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in any way does so at his or her own risk. Nei ther the Pennsylvania St... ...contained within the document or for the file as an electronic transmission, in any way. Life on the Mississippi by Mark T wain (Samuel L. Clemens) ,... ...er has so vast a drainage basin: it draws its water supply from twenty eight States and T erritories; from Dela ware, on the Atlantic seaboard, and f... ...e in the New Orleans ‘Times Democrat,’ based upon reports of able engineers, states that the river annually empties four hundred and six million tons ... ...ese fellows grew dainty in their tastes, and only infested boats that had an established repu tation for setting good tables. All visiting pilots wer... ...f it, by calling their attention to the burdensome rate of wages about to be established. It was a rather slender argument, but the farmers did not se... ... life whipped him in every battle, straight along, and he died in one of the Territories, years ago, a defeated man.” I asked after another of the bri...

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...Excerpt: We present the narrative of this report and the recommendations that flow from it to the President of the United States, the United States Congress, and the American people for their consideration. Ten Commissioners--five Republicans and five Democrats chosen by el...

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...CONTENTS List of Illustrations and Tables ix Member List xi Staff List xiii?xiv Preface xv 1. ?WE HAVE SOME PLANES? 1 1.1 Inside the Four Flights 1 1.2 Improvising a Homeland Defense 14 1.3 National Crisis Management 35 2. THE FOUNDATION OF THE NEW TERRORI...

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...SSION REPORT Final FM.1pp 7/17/04 5:25 PM Page i List of Illustrations and Tables ix Member List xi Staff List xiii–xiv Preface xv 1. “WE... ...HE NEW TERRORISM 47 2.1 A Declaration of War 47 2.2 Bin Ladin’s Appeal in the Islamic World 48 2.3 The Rise of Bin Ladin and al Qaeda (1988–1992... ...2.2 Bin Ladin’s Appeal in the Islamic World 48 2.3 The Rise of Bin Ladin and al Qaeda (1988–1992) 55 2.4 Building an Organization, Declaring War o... ...(1988–1992) 55 2.4 Building an Organization, Declaring War on the United States (1992–1996) 59 2.5 Al Qaeda’s Renewal in Afghanistan (1996–1998) ... ...5 7.1 First Arrivals in California 215 7.2 The 9/11 Pilots in the United States 223 7.3 Assembling the Teams 231 7.4 Final Strategies and Tactic... ...CC to request a fighter escort. 111 The Herndon Command Center immediately established a teleconfer- ence between Boston, New York, and Cleveland Cent... ...ing pattern and set a course direct for Manhattan.They arrived at 9:25 and established a combat air patrol (CAP) over the city. 136 Because the Otis f... ...Some of the advanced technologies that gave us insight into the closed-off territories of the Soviet Union during the Cold War are of limited use in i... ...o be carried out immediately to support insurgency in the Israeli-occupied territories and protest the presence of U.S. forces in Saudi Arabia. Beyond...

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...?RHODE ISLAND ................................................................................................. 20 CHAPTER III: MAINE, NEW HAMPSHIRE, AND VERMONT ............................................................................ 34 CHAPTER IV: LOWER CANADA ...............................................................................................................

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...nnsylvania State University. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, fo... ... charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in any way does so at his or her own risk. Neither the Pennsylvania Sta... ...rge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in any way does so at his or her own risk. Neither the Pennsylvania State U... ...has been the ambition of my literary life to write a book about the United States, and I had made up my mind to visit the country with this object bef... ...the country with this object before the in- testine troubles of the United States government had com- menced. I have not allowed the division among th... ...n equality with ourselves. For a time they will probably be treated as the Territories are now treated.” (The Territories are vast outlying districts ... ...r ignorant of the art of walking. We hired them from an Englishman who had established himself at New York as a riding-mas- ter for ladies, and who ha... ...d Rhode Island. Roger Williams was the first founder of the colony, and he established himself on the mainland at a spot which he called Providence. H... ...restige of her colonies, while she boasts that such large and now populous territories are her dependencies, she must and should be content to pay som...

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...urs of the 9th instant is duly received, which I do not meet as a ?bore,? but as a most welcome visitor. I will answer the business part of it first. In relation to our Congress matter here, you were right in supposing I would support the nominee. Neither Baker nor I, however, is the man, but Hardin, so far as I can judge from present appearances. We shall have no split or...

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...The Writings of Abraham Lincoln In Seven V olumes V olume 2 of 7 A Penn State Electronic Classics Series Pu... ...syl- vania State University. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, fo... ... charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in any way does so at his or her own risk. Neither the Pennsylvania Sta... ...ink annexation an evil. I hold it to be a paramount duty of us in the free States, due to the Union of the States, and perhaps to liberty itself (para... ...berty itself (paradox though it may seem), to let the slavery of the other States alone; while, on the other hand, I hold it to be equally clear that ... ... of force, he admitted, in what fell from the chairman of the Committee on Territories. It might be that there was no precise justice in raising the p... ...not be of some peculiar local advantage. The navy, as I understand it, was established, and is maintained at a great annual expense, partly to be read... ... desired to know whether, in case of his election, a bankrupt law is to be established. Can they tell us General Cass’s opinion on this question? [Som... ...here we do not live. But the question of the ex- tension of slavery to new territories of this country is a part of our responsibility and care, and i...

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...trong impression of novelty from the present volume; for the principles are those to which I have been working up during the greater part of my life, and most of the practical suggestions have been anticipated by others or by myself. There is novelty, however....

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...er Functions of Representative Bodies............................................................................... 61 Chapter VI Of the Infirmities and Dangers to which Representative Government is Liable ............................. 76 Chapter VII Of True and False Democracy; Representation of All, and Representation of the Majority only 92 Chapter VIII Of the Extensio...

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...nnsylvania State University. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, fo... ... charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in any way does so at his or her own risk. Neither the Pennsylvania Sta... ...rge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in any way does so at his or her own risk. Neither the Pennsylvania State U... ...ntained within the document or for the file as an electronic transmission, in any way. Considerations on Representative Government by John Stuart Mil... ...conditions of self restraint, which are neces sary either for keeping the established polity in existence, or for enabling it to achieve the ends, it... ...equisites of civilized life have nothing else to rest on. These deplorable states of feel ing, in any people who have emerged from savage life, are, ... ...n all respects an adequate one, of the Pnyx and the Forum. There have been states of society in which even a monarchy of any great territorial extent ... ... its purpose or the criterion of its excellence; for the habit may be well established of submit ting to the government, and referring all disputed m... ...rights with its native subjects in all other parts of the empire. Outlying territories of some size and population, which are held as dependencies, th...

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...ylvania State Univer- sity. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, fo... ... charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in any way does so at his or her own risk. Neither the Pennsylvania Sta... ...rge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in any way does so at his or her own risk. Neither the Pennsylvania State U... ...only twenty or thirty years ago. When a race of plants is once pretty well established, the seed-raisers do not pick out the best plants, but merely g... ... productions. When in any country several domes- tic breeds have once been established, their occa- sional intercrossing, with the aid of selection, h... ... Compare the sev- eral floras of Great Britain, of France or of the United States, drawn up by different botanists, and see what a surprising number o... ...e trees now growing on the ancient In- dian mounds, in the Southern United States, display the same beautiful diversity and proportion of kinds as in ... ...geologist, if his attention had been ex- clusively confined to these large territories, would never have suspected that during the periods which were ... ...he descriptions which we now possess of the Silurian deposits over immense territories in Russia and in North America, do not support the view, that t...