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This book has been prepared for students of undergraduate courses in medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, laboratory medicine, physiotherapy, veterinary science, agriculture, biochemistry, genetics, microbiology, biotechnology, molecular biology, etc. The main purpose is to provide an understanding of the basic concepts in biochemistry and biotechnology which are required for them in a simple and interesting manner. Though there are a lot of books providing extensive knowledge of these subjects in the market , it has been observed that most of the students, especially from non-English speaking countries feel intimidated by the complexities of these subjects. Hence, this book is an endeavor to fulfill their needs. Care has been taken to explain various topics in as simple a language as possible, without compromising on the quality of the subject matter. The text is supported with clear diagrams. Students, who are appearing for various competitive exams, will find this book equally helpful. This book will also serve as a handy tool for teachers and postgraduate students....

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Biochemistry for undergraduate medical students is no less than a terror. Hence, this book brings them out of this nightmare.

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CONTENTS Ch. No. TITLE PAGE No. 1. BIOCHEMISTRY-Scope and Importance in Medical Sciences 1-2 2. GENERAL CHEMISTRY 3-10 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Water Acids And Bases pH Buffers Colloids Osmosis Radioactivity 5 5 6 6 8 8 9 3. CELL -Structure and Function 11-13 4. CARBOHYDRATES 14-24 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Classification Monosaccharides Disaccharides Polysaccharides 14 15 21 23 5. LIPIDS 25-31 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 Fatty Acids Classification of Lipids Simple Lipids Compound Lipids Derived Lipids Chemical Properties of lipids 25 26 26 27 29 30 6. PROTEINS 32-43 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 Amino Acids Classification of Amino Acids Reactions of Amino Acids Primary Structure of Protein Secondary Structure of Protein \Tertiary Structure of Protein Quaternary Structure of Protein Properties of Proteins Classification of Proteins 32 32 34 38 38 39 40 42 42 7. NUCLEIC ACIDS 44-56 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Functions of DNA Packaging of DNA Properties of DNA Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) 48 49 50 52 52 8. ENZYMES 57-69 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 Classif...

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Over 100 peer reviewed reports describing a medical disorder recognized in the 1980s and finally named in 2013. ASIA, according to the US American Autoimmune Related Diseases Association there are over 100 autoimmune disorders affecting as many as 50 million Americans. One of the functions of the immune system is to protect the body by responding to invading microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, by producing antibodies or sensitized lymphocytes (types of white blood cells). Under normal conditions, an immune response cannot be triggered against the cells of one's own body. In some cases, however, immune cells make a mistake and attack the very cells that they are meant to protect. This can lead to a variety of autoimmune diseases. They encompass a broad category of related diseases in which the person's immune system attacks his or her own tissue. Vaccination is one cause of ASIA, the primary cause....

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There is a silent epidemic of enormous proportions composed of Autoimmune Diseases—nearly 100 different illnesses—that have already affected millions of Americans. Autoimmune Disease is now a major American health problem. The National Institutes of Health estimate that there are 23.5 million Americans suffering from Autoimmune Disease and the American Autoimmune Related Diseases Association estimates that there are 50 million Americans suffering from one Autoimmune Disease or another. The NIH includes data from 24 diseases for which good epidemiology studies are available and AARDA uses a wider estimate. Researchers have actually identified 80-100 different Autoimmune Diseases and suspect that another 40 illnesses have an autoimmune basis. These diseases are generally chronic and often deadly. Autoimmune Disease is now one of the top ten leading causes of death in female children and women in all age groups up to 64 years of age and commonly used immunosuppressant treatments frequently lead to devastating long term side effects. An autoimmune disease diagnosis can be life-threatening. There are critical factors creating ob...

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The history of the global vaccination program in 1000+ peer reviewed reports and studies chronologically ordered and chaptered providing the reader with an understanding of disease outbreak, vaccine efficacy, the historic development of vaccines, unwanted contaminants, vaccine production methodology and more....

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INTRODUCTION (Excerpt) Over the past 35 years, patients have suffered from a largely hidden epidemic of side effects from drugs that usually have few offsetting benefits. The pharmaceutical industry has corrupted the practice of medicine through its influence over what drugs are developed, how they are tested, and how medical knowledge is created. Since 1906, heavy commercial influence has compromised Congressional legislation to protect the public from unsafe drugs. The authorization of user fees in 1992 has turned drug companies into the FDA’s prime clients, deepening the regulatory and cultural capture of the agency. Industry has demanded shorter average review times and, with less time to thoroughly review evidence, increased hospitalizations and deaths have resulted. Meeting the needs of the drug companies has taken priority over meeting the needs of patients. Unless this corruption of regulatory intent is reversed, the situation will continue to deteriorate. We offer practical suggestions including: separating the funding of clinical trials from their conduct, analysis, and publication: independent FDA leadership; full publi...

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Table of Contents 1. Manufacturing Biologics Thimerosal • Mercury 2. Alum • Aluminum Salts 3. The HPV Vaccine 4. Vaccination History 1915 - 2015 5. Short Essays On Vaccination ...

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House dust was once 99% skin cells. Today a significant percentage of house dust—dust found in the home, classrooms, daycare, employment, retail and other locations frequented by human beings—contains laboratory manufactured chemicals that never existed in nature before and we're all affected by these chemicals, everyday. Today it rains endocrine disrupting bisphenol A and the chemical is also in our dust, along with hundreds and in fact 1000s of additional chemicals. Children, being closer to the ground, ingest 12 times the amount of these chemicals that adults ingest by virtue of that closeness to ground alone. Learn about the primary chemicals, where they originate, their effects on the human body and how to mitigate exposure....

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Mixtures of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are present in indoor environments. Studies of the developmental effects of exposure to these chemicals in large prospective mother-child cohorts are required, with data on prenatal exposure and long-term follow-up of the children. We aimed to investigate the relationship between prenatal and childhood exposure to PBDEs and neurodevelopment at the age of six years. We determined the levels of PBDEs and other neurotoxicants in cord blood and dust collected from the homes of children for 246 families included in the PELAGIE mother-child cohort in France. Our findings are in agreement with those of four previous studies suggesting adverse cognitive outcomes among children associated with early-life exposure to penta-BDE mixtures, and provide new evidence for the potential neurotoxicity of BDE209. Several countries are in the process of banning the use of PBDE mixtures as flame-retardants. However, these compounds are likely to remain present in the environment for a long time to come....

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Pedophilia is rarely considered as a research target. The focus on some of the recent theories of the etiology of pedophilia such as neurodevelopment or alterations of brain structures and their function as the frontal, temporal and limbic cortex that have been proposed to try to understand the alterations in the development and neurobiology of the pedophile patient....

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This book will serve as a handbook of Human Histology slides as a ready reckoner for revision prior to exams for both undergraduate and postgraduate students of Anatomy and other allied medical course students.This atlas can be loaded and viewed in laptops, smartphones and e book readers without any difficulty....

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A picture is worth a thousand words

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Section 1 - General Histology slides Section 2 - Systemic Histology slides

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After researching 1,300's of natural cures and home remedies, spending months sifting through hundreds of reports and studies, and putting my findings to the test on real people in my natural healing clinic... I can say that the majority of natural "cures" are completely bogus. But the ones that are effective seem to work like magic! And many of them can give you almost instant relief from your symptoms. Now, you can get access to my vault of natural cures and home remedies - that you can find in your own kitchen cupboard - backed by thousands of hours of scientific research.......

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Home remedies for Abscess 14-16 Home remedies for Acidity and gas 17-20 Home remedies for ACNE 21-24 Home remedies for Alcohol detox 25-27 Home remedies for Alzheimer’s disease 28-29 Home remedies for Anemia 30-32 Home remedies for Anxiety 33-35 Home remedies for Ageing 36-39 Home remedies for Arteriosclerosis 40-43 Home remedies for Arthritis 44-46 Home remedies for Asthma 47-48 Home remedies for Attention deficit disorder 49-51 Home remedies for Athlete’s foot 52 Home remedies for Bad breath 53-56 Home remedies for Backache 57-60 Home remedies for Bee sting 61-62 Home remedies for Bed sores 63-66 Home remedies for Bladder infection 67-69 Home remedies for Blood shot eyes 70 Home remedies for Boils 71-72 Home remedies for Body odor 73-75 Home remedies for Bone fracture 76-77 Home remedies for Bronchitis 78-80 Home remedies for Bruises and bruising 81-82 Home remedies for Burns 83-85 Home remedies for Bleeding 86-87 Home remedies for Bulimia 88-89 Home remedi...

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The book is meant for resident doctors who are starting their training. Obstetrics & Gynecology is a subject that involves a lot of operative procedures. Just knowledge of which instruments to use and which steps to perform is not enough to perform an operation successfully. A lot depends on manual dexterity. A basic knowledge of the technique of holding different instruments correctly and passing sutures, ligatures, and tying knots is essential for performance of all types of operations. This aspect has not been dealt with by any book so far. I have written this book to bridge that gap in the educational resources available to students....

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For resident doctors who are starting their training in Obstetrics & Gynecology.

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Section 1 Holding Surgical Instruments Section 2 Preparing Self For Operating Section 3 Suturing Section 4 Ligatures Section 5 Surgical Knots

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You will find in this book: Definition of the true cupping, the starting point , the history of cupping, the precise scientific medical rules, elucidated by the savant M. Amin Sheikho, which the medical team has used in its scientific research, these rules can be summarized as follows: - The place of body for applying the cupping operation. - The suitable age for cupping operation. - Time of the cupping operation . - The physiological situation of the body. - The relationship between the Moon' effect and Cupping. - The simple cupping instruments. - The mechanism of the cup of cupping (Known as air-cups). - How to apply the right method of the cupping treatment. - The general lab report of the systematic scientific study about the cupping operation...

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You will find in this book: Definition of the true cupping, the starting point , the history of cupping, the precise scientific medical rules, elucidated by the savant M. Amin Sheikho, which the medical team has used in its scientific research, these rules can be summarized as follows: - The place of body for applying the cupping operation. - The suitable age for cupping operation. - Time of the cupping operation . - The physiological situation of the body. - The relationship between the Moon' effect and Cupping. - The simple cupping instruments. - The mechanism of the cup of cupping (Known as air-cups). - How to apply the right method of the cupping treatment. - The general lab report of the systematic scientific study about the cupping operation....

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Methods of dealing with diet, health, pain, overweight, fatigue, etc., based on the methodology of Chinese traditional herbal medicine.

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"Most of us do not understand the causes of pain, which are complex. The Chinese herbalists can explain the causes." "Obesity is a new word. Obesity is more than overweight alone. It relates to sugar imbalance and is a warning of other undetected diseases. Obesity is a measure of the malfunction and imbalance of internal organs."...

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ON DIET AND A HEALTHY LIFE by Dr. Johannes Liu Table of Contents Chapter 1 ON DIET AND A HEALTHY LIFE................................................1-1 Physical Characteristics of Human Being ............................................1-1 Diet ...............................................................................1-1 Geophysical ........................................................................1-2 Characteristics of Yang Heat, Yin Heat and Hidden heat .............................1-3 Reality of Health, and "Kidney" ....................................................1-4 Chapter 2 On "Chi" .................................................................2-1 We face the "imbalance" of "kidney" ................................................2-1 The Effects of "Chi" or "kidney' ...................................................2-1 Strengthen the "Chi" ...............................................................2-2 Acupressure lllustration ...........................................................2-2 Chapter 3 On Pain ..................................................................3-1 Six Related Cau...

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Live Clinical Cases by the new method of Miasmatic Idiosyncratic Homeopathic Case Taking, analyzed by the author to his students, step by step, while listening to the recorded case...

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A CASE OF LACHESIS A CASE OF VALERIANA A CASE OF STRAMONIUM - MOSCHUS A CASE OF NATRUM CARBONICUM A CASE OF NUX VOMICA

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Product Description Name Algal Amino Acid Mixture (U-15N, 98%) Cat# CPIL103740 Chemical Formula NA Unlabeled CAS# NA Labeled CAS# NA Molecular Weight NA Chemical Purity 0.99...

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The practice of medicine is constantly growing and accelerating, with advances in technology, treatment regimens and diagnostic tools. The added knowledge of infectious diseases to any speciality of medicine truly enhances the curriculum of that fi eld. Uniquely, the knowledge of infectious disease in obstetrics and neonatology goes one step further, as more than one life is being cared for with every action and recommendation a clinician makes. This book highlights all the key elements of the infectious diseases encountered in obstetrics and neonatology. I dedicate this book to my beloved father, Husam Kamal Rimawi MD, FACOG....

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Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) complex, which include: M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. bovis BCG, M. africanum, M. microti, M. canetti, M. pinipedii, M. caprae and M. mungi [1]. Other Tuberculosise that may infect humans include: M. leprae, M. avium, M. intracellulare and M. scrofulaceum. M. tuberculosis is an aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile bacillus. It belongs to the family Tuberculosisceae [2]. M. tuberculosis is pathogenic for humans while M. bovis is usually pathogenic for animals. Once infected, active disease develops in about 10% of cases, usually within 1 - 2 years after exposure. The remaining individuals enter into a state of latency which can reactivate at a later stage particularly if the individual becomes immunocompromised [3]. Active TB is predominantly pulmonary in nature and develops in 59% of cases, while extrapulmonary TB occurs in the rest. Latent TB infection has no clinical manifestations and is not contagious, but can reactivate at a later stage, particularly if the immunity of the host decreases significantly [3,4]. Immunocompromised patients ...

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This book, ‘INTERNAL ARMED CONFLICT: International Legal Framework Concerning Women and Children’, seeks to assess the application of customs and laws governing the internal armed conflict. This handbook presents an overview of various international instruments for the protection of women and children. By preventing the transcending of conflicts into brutality and savagery, the law of armed conflict aids the restoration of peace and the resumption of friendly relations. Women and children are opined to be accorded special respect and protection. Most of today’s conflicts take place within states. They have tragic feature in common, women and children suffer their impact disproportionately. The concept of children’s rights has widened and the international mandate to reinforce the rights of the child has grown over the years, with the mounting evidence of hardship and abuse suffered by the children. The principles outlined in the international human rights framework apply both to children and adults. Children and women are mentioned explicitly in many of the human rights instruments; standards are specifically modified o...

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Can Homoeopathy cure Ebola? Can it cure any human or animal disease? If so, what is the machinery that Homeopathy uses?

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First comment posted on Forbes.com The contention that there is absolutely no cure for Ebola might be too far-fetched considering that Homeopathy is not being discussed. Some wise guys who run Wikipedia has written very prominently that Homeopathy is quackery. However, there are persons who do get huge amounts of health benefit from such ‘quackery’. Even now it would be quite wise, and a deed of great responsibility to try out Homeopathy based preventive medicines. In fact, the expense of distributing this might not be expensive at all. Only thick-heads running the show would refrain from discussing homeopathy at this juncture....

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Only one Chapter

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The free radical-mediated damage to proteins results in the modification of amino acid residues, cross-linking of side chains and fragmentation. L-tyrosine and protein bound tyrosine are prone to attack by various mediators and reactive nitrogen intermediates to form 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT). 3-NT formation is also catalyzed by a class of peroxidases utilizing nitrite and hydrogen peroxide as substrates. Evidence supports the formation of 3-NT in vivo in diverse pathologic conditions and 3-NT is thought to be a relatively specific marker of oxidative damage. The formation of nitrotyrosine represents a specific peroxynitrite-mediated protein modification; thus, detection of nitrotyrosine in proteins is considered as a biomarker for endogenous peroxynitrite activity. Formation of tyrosine nitrated proteins is considered to be a post-translational modification with important pathophysiological consequences and is one of the markers of nitrosative stress that have been reported in neurodegeneration, inflammatory and other pathological conditions....

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En la redacción de un blog, que inició muy genérico, sin presupuesto y que tampoco generaba ingresos, empezamos a notar una similitud entre algunos tópicos de medicina y biología, y otros de negocios. Sin ánimos de usarlo como una estrategia de mercadeo, encontramos que la investigación es como el sexo, porque hay que hacerlo para entenderlo, el desarrollo es como un juego, porque uno debe cambiar las variables hasta encontrar la combinación correcta, y la innovación es como el punk rock, porque no debe temer al fracaso, debe ser tangencial y no debe tener miedo de retar a lo ortodoxo....

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De acuerdo con la Contraloría General de la República de Panamá, en el 2011 el pais contaba con un total de 5,551 médicos, 4,744 enfermeras, 1,171 laboratoristas clínicos, 1,114 odontólogos, 757 farmacéuticos, 257 fisioterapistas y 153 nutricionistas en ejercicio en instituciones públicas de salud.(1) No hay cifras sobre la cantidad de profesionales sanitarios en ejercicio privado exclusivo, pero hay 663 clínicas y hospitales, 250 farmacias y 124 laboratorios clínicos privados, aproximadamente, en todo el país. En Panamá, la mayoría de los profesionales de la salud se ve forzado a trabajar en las prácticas institucional y privada para solventar los gastos propios de una agonizante clase media y de un proceso académico en inflación. Este último fenómero lo comparten la mayor parte de los países del mundo occidental. Nuestro interés de investigar sobre el aspecto empresarial de la atención sanitaria provino de la experiencia al concebir, emprender y operar un pequeño laboratorio de patología en la provincia de Chiriquí, una región predominantemente rural de la República de Panamá, adyacente a Costa Rica. Iniciamos en julio del...

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Primera parte 1) Leyes de Loeb 2) Navaja de Occam 3) Adyacente posible 4) Crecimiento -versus- Desarrollo 5) Percepción estética 6) La investigación es como el sexo Segunda parte 7) Juegos que no son juego 8) Poder 9) ¡Hágalo usted mismo! 10) 10,000 horas 11) Nuestras redes 12) El secreto de vivir es compartir 13) Ensuciarse las manos Tercera parte 14) La paradoja sanitaria 15) Innovación 16) Salud 2.0 17) Incompetentes e insoportables 18) Equipos innovadores, no genios solitarios 19) Serendipia y sincronicidad Cuarta parte 20) Arenas movedizas 21) Alma corporativa 22) La confianza es un bien 23) Grandes recompensas, grandes errores 24) Cisnes negros ...

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Each chapter in this eBook is meant to provide pertinent clinical, diagnostic, and management strategies when caring for critically ill patients. The chapters are relatively brief, clinically relevant and evidence-based according to currently accepted literature. References are provided for readers wanting to explore subjects in greater detail. I have edited and revised the content and style of each chapter so as to unify the voice of the entire text....