World Health Organization Publication : Year 2003 ; Issue 9241562366: Dac Guidelines and Reference Series ; Poverty and Health

By World Health Organization

Book Id: WPLBN0000144624
Format Type: PDF eBook
File Size: 1.0 MB
Reproduction Date: 2005

Title:	World Health Organization Publication : Year 2003 ; Issue 9241562366: Dac Guidelines and Reference Series ; Poverty and Health
Author:	World Health Organization
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Health., Public health, Wellness programs
Collections:	Medical Library Collection, World Health Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	World Health Organization


Citation APA MLA Chicago Organization, W. H. (n.d.). World Health Organization Publication : Year 2003 ; Issue 9241562366. Retrieved from http://www.gutenberg.cc/

Description
Medical Reference Publication

Excerpt
Over recent years OECD and WHO have been collaborating in a range of areas, including on the OECD Health Project which aims to analyse, measure and improve the performance of health systems in OECD countries. This DAC Reference Document dedicated to health and poverty in developing countries is another example of the fruitful collaboration between our two institutions. We have decided to publish it jointly in order to ensure a wide readership in both the development and public health communities. In developing countries, breaking the vicious circle of poverty and ill health is an essential condition for economic development. The fact that three of the eight Millennium Development Goals are specific to health is evidence of the consensus on this point across the international development community. In response to this global concern, this Reference Document deepens the approach taken by the DAC Guidelines on Poverty Reduction (2001). It adds further insight into the role of health in reducing poverty and the range of investments required to achieve better health outcomes for poor people as an integral component of poverty reduction strategies. Achieving better health for poor people requires going well beyond the health sector to take action in related areas such as education, water and sanitation. It also entails looking beyond national programmes to global policies with implications for health, such as trade and the provision of global public goods. Within the health sector itself, a pro-poor approach is required which includes improving governance, strengthening the delivery and quality of health services, reaching highly vulnerable groups, developing more effective partnerships with the private sector, and designing equitable health financing mechanisms. However, without significantly increased financing, the poorest countries will remain unable to implement a pro-poor health approach. Urgent action is required to increase ODA to health, which today is less than USD 4 billion per year or about 10% of total ODA. There is also a need to mobilise additional resources from domestic sources, public-private partnerships and philanthropic sources. This Reference Document was endorsed by the DAC Senior Level Meeting in December 2002. It provides comprehensive, informed and technically robust guidance. We hope it will be used by the donor community, WHO and partner countries to help guide their work on poverty and health.

Table of Contents
Table of Contents Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Overview and Purpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Key Actions to Promote a Pro-poor Health Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 I. Investing in health to reduce poverty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 II. Supporting pro-poor health systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 III. Focusing on key policy areas for pro-poor health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 IV.Working through country-led strategic frameworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 V. Promoting policy coherence and global public goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Chapter 1. Investing in Health to Reduce Poverty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2. Poverty and health. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3. The economic rationale for investing in the health of the poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4. Defining a pro-poor health approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 5. The role of development co-operation in different country contexts . . . . . . . . . . 23 6. Mobilising resources for pro-poor health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 7. Improving the effectiveness of development co-operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Chapter 2. Supporting Pro-poor Health Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2. Health-sector stewardship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3. Strengthening the delivery of health services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 4. Provider pluralism and the challenge of health service delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 5. Developing equitable health financing mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Chapter 3. Key Policy Areas for Pro-poor Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 2. Education as a tool for improved health outcomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 3. Food security, nutrition and health. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 4. Poverty, health and the environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 5. Violence and injuries as a public health issue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65